Reshaping Potrero Hill

Historical Essay

by Chris Carlsson, from Potrero Hill Archives Project papers

Carving the east side of Potrero Hill for a railroad line, 1904.

Photo: Potrero Hill Archives Project

Bayshore at 22nd on east side of Potrero Hill, remnants of Irish Hill being carved away, November 28, 1905.

Photo: Potrero Hill Archives Project

Around 1903, the Santa Fe Railroad removed a great portion of Potrero Hill. The portion removed came from the areas of Iowa Street extending east and then south to the area of twenty-second and Missouri. The dirt and rock were used to fill the marshland between Iowa Street and Massachusetts...The Southern Pacific Railroad similarly received a state grant to fill in Mission Bay. For twenty years, the bay was used as a dumping ground.

Photo: California Historical Society, San Francisco, CA

Long Bridge, or Mission Bay Bridge connected Townsend and 2nd with Irish Hill. To reach the area further south, a deep cut had to be made in the hill along Kentucky and Twenty-Second Street.

The stump of Irish Hill, 1996, near 20th and Illinois

Photo: Chris Carlsson

Irish Hill no longer exists. It was leveled by the government during the First World War, and became the site of Bethlehem Steel Shipyards. The remains of Irish Hill can still be seen near 20th and Illinois. However, there is a dirt path leading to the top of the forlorn fifty-foot remains of a two-hundred-and-fifty foot hill, a skeleton of the early years of San Francisco...

Close to the northwest corner of Connecticut and Twentieth in 1890 was a three-hundred foot well, which later had to be filled. . . Outside on the south side of the Adams house at 18th & Pennsylvania were a spring and well. . .The well and springs also served as a fresh water supply for the many 1906 earthquake refugees, according to Mr. Thorburn Adams.

. . .There were numerous springs on Potrero, and [today] several "Bani" steam baths are used by the Russian people. These were not open for public use, and it is difficult to learn the location of the bani baths. The only [visible] clue to the whereabouts of such a steam bath is a rusty iron stove pipe emerging from the roof of a hillside building.

A resident of Potrero commented that if a person sneezed at the bottom of the hill on a quiet summer evening, the sneeze could be heard at the top of Potrero Hill. During the day, the hum of industry fills the air. In the evening, however, when the workers have returned to their homes, a new noise is heard over the hill. Across the valley floor of the old Mission Bay, stands the heart of San Francisco, and on a clear warm night, with the fog as a backdrop, the skyline becomes a huge amphitheater. The heartbeat of the city reflecting off the fog, bounces against the hill with a sound much like the sea, ever present as it rolls in.

1960 July: The Western Pacific tunnel gave way. Homes at Arkansas and 19th Sts. collapsed. Homes on Missouri between 20th and 22nd were damaged by cracks and settling. In July 1962 a collapse on Missouri Street occurred. After much legal litigation, the tunnel was filled with cement and the homes made a comeback.

1967 March: The community turned out to help the Carolina St. neighbors landscape their divide strip between Southern Heights and 23rd. . . Carolina Street between 18th and 19th was vacated for the construction of the Potrero Hill Jr. High.

Carolina at 23rd, June 10, 1929, looking north.

Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp36.04115

Carolina and 23rd, 1931.

Photo: Private Collection, San Francisco, CA

Carolina and 23rd, 1932.

Photo: Private Collection, San Francisco, CA

Carolina and 23rd, 1994.

Photo: David Green

Carolina and 23rd, 2005

Photo: Chris Carlsson

Carolina and 23rd, 2007

Photo: Chris Carlsson

1967 April:—A special tree planting ceremony around the water department property at Carolina, 22nd and Wisconsin Sts. . . Southern Freeway construction causing damage to homes on the East side of Pennsylvania, including St. Teresa School. Large cracks appear due to slippage of earth. When the hill could not stand any more chopping away and had slipped to a dangerous point, home owners on Pennsylvania Avenue were given 30 days to vacate.

Carolina near 22nd looking south, June 10, 1929.

Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp36.04117

Carolina and 22nd, 1932.

Photo: Private Collection, San Francisco, CA

1971: "Fallen Bridge Park" at 18th and Utah Streets was dedicated with a good sized crowd on hand. So named because a dump truck had knocked the adjoining pedestrian overpass from its moorings three years ago. This was the first idea of using Freeway land for parks... A group of local residents designed, constructed and maintain "The Benches" park at the San Bruno Avenue entry to the overpass. . .

Southerly view on Utah from 18th Street, c. 1930, before Highway 101 was built and the hill in this image was graded.

Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp36.03955

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